Since World War II, numerous national cinemas have emerged across Europe, offering alternative visions shaped by those different cultures. This course will examine a spectrum of those cinemas, investigating the cultural and social circumstances that underpin them, the local and global pressures of the film industry at that time, the manifestos that often initiated those film movements, the aesthetic similarities and differences which shaped each, and the evolutions that describes the historical paths of these cinemas. Alongside a focus on different cinemas and their films, we will consider larger questions of nationhood, globalization, and the purported dominance of Hollyworld as these issues become configured through film and media culture.